UPSC Daily Current Affairs

Methane: A Potent Yet Short-Lived Climate Pollutant

Dec 04, 2023

Key Points: 1. Chemical Composition: Methane (CH4) is an organic compound comprising one carbon and four hydrogen atoms. 2. Recent Attention: Gaining focus due to its significant impact on global warming, surpassing carbon dioxide in potency. 3. Global Warming Potential (GWP):** Methane has a GWP100 of 28, far exceeding carbon dioxide's GWP100 of 1. 4. COP-28 Initiative: At the UAE climate talks, philanthropic organizations like Sequoia Climate Foundation and Bezos Earth Fund pledged $450 million to mitigate methane emissions. 5. Lifespan in Atmosphere: Unlike carbon... Read More...

Population-Level Genome Sequencing

Dec 04, 2023

1. What is Population-Level Genome Sequencing? It involves deciphering the complete genetic makeup of large populations to gain insights into human diversity and disease. 2. What was an early significant initiative in this field? The deCODE genomics project in Iceland, which enrolled a large part of the Icelandic population for genetic studies. 3. How has the technology evolved in the last decade? Advances in technology have significantly improved throughput and reduced the cost of whole-genome sequencin... Read More...

Re-criminalizing Adultery in India

Dec 04, 2023

1. What are the grounds for recommending re-criminalization of adultery? Parliamentary Committee's Reasoning: To safeguard the sanctity of marriage on gender-neutral lines. Dissenting Views: Opposition MPs argue against raising marriage to a sacramental level and state intrusion into private lives. 2. What did the panel recommend? Recommendation: Reinstating adultery as a gender-neutral criminal offense. Committee's View: Emphasis on protecting the institution of marriage. 3. Legislative history... Read More...

Enhancing Disability Inclusion in India

Dec 04, 2023

Global Context of Disability: Population with Disabilities: 1.3 billion globally, 80% in developing countries. Rural Prevalence: 70% of disabled persons in rural areas. Economic Impact and Inclusion: Potential GDP Boost: 3% to 7% if persons with disabilities are included (ILO study). Current Employment Scenario: Limited jobs, prevalent stereotypes. Convention Compliance: UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities advocates for changing attitudes and social development inclusion. Read More...

Shadow Banks in India

Dec 04, 2023

Shadow Banks in India: Shadow banks, also known as Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs), are financial institutions that provide similar services to traditional commercial banks but operate under different regulatory frameworks. In India, shadow banks play a significant role in the financial system, offering credit and other financial services, particularly to segments of the economy not served by traditional banks. Key Differences Between Shadow Banks and Commercial Banks: Regulatory Framework: Shadow Banks: Regulated by t... Read More...

Panda Diplomacy

Dec 04, 2023

The concept of "Panda Diplomacy" involves the practice of China sending its native giant pandas to zoos around the world as a gesture of goodwill and to foster international relations. This practice has been a part of China's diplomatic history for decades. The Symbolism of Pandas in Diplomacy Pandas are seen as symbols of peace and friendship, and their presence in foreign zoos often signifies strong bilateral ties . The return of these pandas to China may be indicative of shifting diplomatic dynamics, particularly in light of recent U.S.-China tensions. The Impact on Conservatio... Read More...

Panda Diplomacy

Dec 04, 2023

Bullet Trains

Dec 04, 2023

What are bullet trains? Bullet trains are high-speed rail systems capable of running at speeds typically between 250 km/h and 320 km/h, sometimes even faster. They are designed for efficiency and speed over long distances. How do bullet trains work? Bullet trains operate on dedicated tracks that are designed for high-speed travel. They often use advanced technologies such as magnetic levitation or specially designed wheelsets for high-speed traction and stability. What are the pros of bullet trains? S... Read More...

Deepfakes and Legal Provisions in India

Dec 04, 2023

Understanding Deepfakes Deepfakes leverage sophisticated AI to create fake videos or audio recordings that can be misused for various malicious purposes, including misinformation, defamation, and privacy infringement. Indian Legal Provisions Addressing Deepfakes Information Technology Act, 2000 (IT Act): Section 66C: Pertains to identity theft. Section 66D: Deals with cheating by personation using a computer resource. Section 66E: Penalizes the violation of privacy. Section 67: Punishes the publishing of ... Read More...

Empowerment of the Differently Abled in India Through Technology

Dec 04, 2023

India's commitment to the differently abled, also referred to as persons with disabilities (PwDs), is reflected in the various technological advancements and initiatives aimed at improving their quality of life. Here's an overview of the progress and impact: Assistive Mobility Technologies Motorized Wheelchairs: The integration of motorized attachments to manual wheelchairs, enhancing mobility. Innovative Devices: Clip-on devices that convert wheelchairs into motorized versions, allowing for better navigation on diverse terrains. Communication... Read More...

Andhra Pradesh-Telangana Krishna Water Sharing Dispute: A Simplified Explanation

Dec 04, 2023

Background The Krishna river, a major water source in southern India, has been a point of contention between Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. This dispute primarily revolves around the sharing of river waters, particularly from the Srisailam reservoir, for various purposes including irrigation, drinking, and power generation. Key Issues and Developments 1. Geographical Context: The Krishna river flows along the border of both states, with major projects like the Srisailam dam and Nagarjuna Sagar dam being central to the dispute. 2. Recent Contro... Read More...

Deepfake Technology and Democracy: A Critical Overview

Dec 02, 2023

Deepfake technology, which manipulates media using AI and machine learning, has raised significant concerns for democracy and online authenticity. Recent incidents in political spheres, such as falsified videos in assembly elections and warnings from leaders like Prime Minister Narendra Modi, highlight its impact on public perception and the challenges in discerning real from fake content. Key points to consider: 1. Global Legislative Responses: In the US, Congress mandates national security agencies to counter deepfakes, with detailed reports and mitigation measures published b... Read More...

Kasturi Cotton: India's Endeavor in Global Cotton Market

Dec 02, 2023

Brand Launch and Objectives Launch Date: Introduced on World Cotton Day, 7th October 2020. Goals: To enhance the global image of Indian cotton, align with the 'Aatmanirbhar Bharat' (Self-Reliant India) initiative, and promote the 'Vocal for Local' concept in cotton production. Brand Characteristics Symbolism: The brand and logo represent the unique qualities of Indian cotton - Whiteness, Softness, Purity, Lustre, and Indianness. Traceability and Certification Implementing A... Read More...

Henry Kissinger's Relationship with India

Dec 02, 2023

Historical Context: Cold War Era: Henry Kissinger served as U.S. Secretary of State and National Security Advisor during the Nixon administration, a period marked by the Cold War and complex global diplomatic dynamics. Kissinger and India: 1971 Indo-Pakistan War: A significant aspect of Kissinger's interaction with India was during the 1971 Indo-Pakistan War, leading to the creation of Bangladesh. Pro-Pakistan Stance: Kissinger, along with President Nixon, favored Pakistan, partly due to strategic interests in balancing against Soviet influence in the region. Read More...

Bill on Cheating in Exams in Jharkhand

Dec 02, 2023

Key Points: Bill Enactment: The Jharkhand Competitive Examination (Measure for Control and Prevention of Unfair Means in Recruitment) Bill, 2023, received approval from the Governor. Harsh Penalties: Life imprisonment and fines up to Rs.10 crore for instances of cheating in competitive exams. Graduated Punishments: First Instance: Fine of Rs.5 lakh and one-year imprisonment, extendable by nine months without fine payment. Second Instance: Rs.10 lakh fine and three-year jail term, extendable by 30 months for non-payment. Ex... Read More...